When should I take insulin? ——10 common scenarios and precautions
Insulin is an important method in the treatment of diabetes, but many patients are confused about the timing of use. This article combines the hot medical topics on the Internet in the past 10 days, sorts out common situations that require insulin injection, and presents the latest medical advice in structured data.
1. 10 situations when insulin must be used
| Classification | Specific scene | Medical basis |
|---|---|---|
| type 1 diabetes | Use for life after diagnosis | Complete destruction of pancreatic beta cells |
| type 2 diabetes | When oral medicine fails (HbA1c>9%) | 2023 ADA Guidance Recommendations |
| Pregnancy | Fasting blood glucose ≥5.3mmol/L after diet control | Consensus on diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes in China |
| acute complications | Ketoacidosis/hyperosmolar coma | Need intravenous rapid-acting insulin |
| perioperative period | Preoperative blood sugar＞10mmol/L | Reduce the risk of postoperative infection |
| special infection | During COVID-19 and other virus infections | New study shows increased insulin resistance |
| Glucocorticoid therapy | Loss of blood sugar during medication | Yimaitong clinical report in May |
| Hepatic and renal insufficiency | eGFR＜30ml/min | Oral drug metabolism disorder |
| stress state | Severe trauma/myocardial infarction/stroke | Endocrinology emergency treatment guidelines |
| Special groups | Pediatric/elderly fragile patients | Individualized treatment plan |
2. Recent Hot Discussions: Misunderstandings in the Use of Insulin
1."Insulin can become addictive": Top 3 on Douyin’s health topic list. Experts emphasize that insulin is a physiological replacement rather than an addictive substance.
2.Hot searches for new insulin pens: In the Weibo topic #MEDICAL 黑科技#, the smart dose memory function has received millions of attention.
3.Controversy over medication time: Zhihu hot post discusses "pre-meal vs. post-meal injection". The latest clinical evidence shows that rapid-acting insulin should be injected 5 minutes before a meal.
3. Latest data on insulin use in 2023
| project | China data | International comparison |
|---|---|---|
| Type 2 diabetes patient usage | 34.7% | United States 51.2% |
| Average delay in starting treatment | 6.3 years | Europe 4.1 years |
| Proportion of new insulin | 28% | 62% in developed countries |
| Injection technique error rate | 61.5% | Global average 45% |
4. Precautions
1.Dosage adjustment principles: According to data from Chunyu Doctor Platform in the past 10 days, 76% of hypoglycemic events are caused by failure to adjust dosage in time.
2.Injection site rotation: Baidu Health Questionnaire statistics show that 83% of lipohyperplasia cases do not standardize site rotation.
3.Storage points: Unopened insulin should be refrigerated at 2-8°C and stored at room temperature (<25°C) for 4 weeks after opening. The number of inquiries related to hot weather has surged by 300% recently.
5. Expert advice
1. A recent live broadcast from the Department of Endocrinology of Union Hospital emphasized that insulin treatment should be "started early, personalized, and monitored frequently."
2. The Diabetes Branch of the Chinese Medical Association reminds: Special attention should be paid to insulin to avoid direct sunlight in summer. High temperature may cause the efficacy of the medicine to decrease.
3. The latest Lancet study points out that rational use of insulin can reduce the risk of diabetes complications by 42% and extend life expectancy by 5-7 years.
Note: The statistical period of the data in this article is June 15-25, 2023, covering mainstream information sources such as Weibo, Douyin, Zhihu, and medical professional platforms.
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